On 3 November 2023, a 6.4-magnitude earthquake hit the western area of Jajarkot district in Karnali Province. This is the deadliest earthquake to hit Nepal since 2015, when two earthquakes killed nearly 9,000 people near Kathmandu. 

This report aims to describe key factors affecting vulnerability for both internal and international labour migrants and the communities they are returning to in Bangladesh, India and Nepal, in order to support humanitarian and development actors to proactively identify and respond to emerging critical needs. 

Many migrant workers, most of them from Nepal, lost their employment when the Indian governmentimposed a strict lockdown on 25 March to contain the spread of COVID-19. With theeasing of the lockdown, 600,000 migrant workers are expected to return to Nepal in the coming weeks andmay weaken the effectiveness of Nepal’s COVID-19 mitigation measures. 

Heavy rainfall since 11 July has triggered flooding and landslides across south-eastern and central Nepal. Provinces 1, 2 and 3 are worst hit, with province 2 as the most severely affected area. An estimated 75,900 people have been displaced across the country. Shelter, WASH, health and food needs are reported. As of 16 July, 78 people have been killed, 32 people are missing, and 40 others have been injured. Flooding and landslides have blocked and damaged roads and bridges, hampering the humanitarian response.

Due to prolonged rainfall across Nepal from 11-14 August, 31 out of 75 districts have been affected by flooding and landslides. The southern Terai region has been particularly affected with an estimated 450,000 people affected by flooding and landslides. In this region 43 people were killed and an estimated 32,000 houses were damaged. Districts in central and eastern Terai have the highest reported impacts. 

As of 30 April, 1400 local time, at least 5,630 people have died and more than 11,000 have been injured. The situation is still unclear in remote areas, which remain cut off or hard to access. 

As of 28 April, 21:30 local time, at least 5,000 people have died and more than 8,300 have been injured. The situation is still unclear in remote areas, which remain cut off or hard to access. 39 districts have been affected in the Western and Central Regions. 

The aim of this product is to improve the performance of humanitarian actors in the response of the Nepal earthquake, assist agencies working in the response and encourage positive action by decision makers.

As of 27 April, at least 3,900 people have died and more than 7,180 have been injured. The situation is still unclear in remote areas, which remain cut off or hard to access. The government has reported that a total of 30 districts have been affected in the Western and Central Regions, including Kathmandu Valley districts. There is no total figure of affected population yet WHO has estimated that over 5 million people are affected. 

On 25 April, an earthquake with of 7.8 magnitude and a depth of 2 km, hit Nepal near the capital city of Kathmandu. As of 26 April, at least 2,200 people have died and around 4,600 more have been injured. The situation is still unclear in remote areas, which remain cut off or hard to access.

On 25 April, an earthquake with of 7.8 magnitude and a depth of 2 km, hit Nepal near the capital city of Kathmandu. Hospitals are overwhelmed, and as aftershocks continue, victims are being treated in the streets. Reports suggest people are still trapped under the rubble, and some affected areas have still to be reached.