Sudan

27 May 2025

By April 2025, Sudan had recorded nearly 60,000 cholera cases and over 1,640 deaths across 12 states since August 2024. Al Jazirah, Gedaref, Khartoum, and Red Sea states are among the worst affected. Displacement, unsafe water, and a collapsed health system with many facilities nonfunctional are fuelling the outbreak. People need urgent WASH and health support. (WHO 27/05/2025, IRC 27/05/2025, MSF 23/05/2025)

20 May 2025

From 1–2 May 2025, the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) attacked and captured Al Nahud town in West Kordofan state, killing up to 300 civilians, including women and children. The town is considered strategically important thanks to its location on key trade routes and its role as a gateway to Darfur. Reports indicate the RSF's involvement in widespread looting, executions, and attempts to prevent civilians from fleeing. Around 43,000 people have been displaced from Al Nahud and Al Khiwai, with the majority fleeing to nearby areas in West and North Kordofan. They urgently need protection, food, shelter, and medical care. Until 18 March, over 406,000 people had been internally displaced in West Kordofan, many displaced several times. Humanitarian access remains severely limited owing to frequent movement restrictions resulting from armed conflict and bureaucratic constraints. (TRT Global 03/05/2025, IOM 11/05/2025, AA 03/05/2025)

07 May 2025

On 6 May 2025, drone attacks targeted Port Sudan's airport, fuel storage, and power facilities, causing fires and power outages and suspending aid flights. Port Sudan hosts thousands of IDPs, primarily from Khartoum and Al Jazirah states. The strikes have disrupted humanitarian operations in the city, which serves as a critical hub for aid delivery across Sudan. (Reuters 06/05/2025, Small Arms Survey accessed 15/05/2025, AP 06/05/2025)

06 May 2025

On 1–2 May 2025, an attack by the Rapid Support Forces in Al Nahud town, West Kordofan state, killed around 300 civilians. The attack also involved the looting of medical supplies and markets. New displacement information is not yet available. People in the affected areas urgently require assistance for protection, food, and healthcare. (AA 04/05/2025, AJ 02/05/2025, AP 02/05/2025)

15 April 2025

On 11 April 2025, groups affiliated with the Rapid Support Forces launched a large-scale offensive on Zamzam camp in North Darfur, which was hosting nearly 500,000 IDPs. The attack resulted in the reported death of hundreds of civilians, including 12 humanitarian workers. By 15 April, an estimated 400,000 people had fled to nearby localities, primarily Al Fasher, Dar Al Salam, and Tawila. Those remaining in the camp, especially young people, are being prevented from leaving. Many of the camp’s residents were already experiencing acute food insecurity, with IPC declaring Famine (IPC Phase 5) in the camp in August 2024. Displaced individuals are arriving in an advanced state of dehydration, exhaustion, and stress. Urgent needs include food, shelter, basic supplies, and protection assistance. Humanitarian responders are reporting shortages in fuel, water, and health supplies that are disrupting the humanitarian response. (OCHA 15/04/2025, IOM 14/04/2025, MSF 15/04/2025)

05 March 2025

Humanitarian needs in Sudan continue to grow, while the humanitarian response has been facing significant disruption since January 2025 because of escalating insecurity and the abrupt USAID funding freeze. In Zamzam camp in North Darfur state, where around 500,000 IDPs reside and famine was declared in August 2024, MSF and WFP suspended operations on 24 and 26 February respectively due to insecurity, halting critical malnutrition treatment and health services. In Khartoum, one of the areas most affected by conflict, around 80% of Emergency Response Rooms’ food kitchens have shut down as a result of the USAID funding freeze. Many residents rely on these locally run kitchens as humanitarian operations are limited by severe insecurity and access constraints. The suspension of these services further strains the humanitarian response, leaving many with few options to meet their critical needs. (Reuters 26/02/2025, NBC 11/02/2025, FAO 04/03/2025)

03 February 2025

In early February 2025, clashes significantly escalated in Al Fasher, the capital of North Darfur state, after the conflict in Sudan began in April 2023. The Rapid Support Forces have intensified efforts to capture Al Fasher, the last major city in western Darfur region remaining under the control of the Sudanese Armed Forces. The conflict has caused widespread displacement, and the siege imposed by the Rapid Support Forces on Al Fasher for the past ten months has led to severe restrictions on humanitarian access, worsening the food security situation. In October 2024, the Famine Review Committee detected pockets of Famine (IPC Phase 5) in localities surrounding the city, with IPC 5 also projected in Al Fasher between December 2024 and at least May 2025. Protection concerns are increasing, as the major conflict parties have a record of committing war crimes and crimes against humanity when seizing new areas. (IPC 24/12/2024, AJ 03/02/2025, STC 03/02/2025)